Developer CD Series 1994 June: Reference Library/Dev.CD Jun 94.toast/Technical Documentation/Mac Tech Notes (DocViewer)/Hardware/HW 30 - Sense Lines/HW 30 - Sense Lines

Text File | 1994-04-27 | 75.3 KB | 196 lines | [ONLN/HLX2]

HW 30 - Sense Lines
Hardware
Revised by:     Rich Kubota    May 1994
Revised by:     Rich Kubota    May 1993
Written by:    Rich “I See Colors” Collyer and Blake Roberts    September 1992
Ever wonder how to set up an Apple video card or Macintosh built-in video to support various size monitors? Well, this Technical Note will tell you everything you need to know about what monitors are supported and how.
Changes since February 1993: Updated list to include latest Macintosh Products as of April 1994.  Added discussion of the new type 6 extended sense code.  This new code is in addition to the previously discussed extended sense code protocol which is now designated as type 7.  Show the new type 6 sense codes for three multiple scan monitor configurations.
Changes since September 1992: Corrected the sense line pin descriptions in Figures 1, 2, and 3, plus the associated descriptions. In the previous release of the Technical Note, sense lines 2 and 0 were inverted. In each example, sense line 0 was marked as sense line 2 and vice versa. Modified Figure 3 to show only the relevant combinations of extended sense line combinations as presented in Table 4, “Extended Sense Line Descriptions for each Monitor.” Provided additional description on understanding the regular and extended sense line protocol notation. Added the Spring ’93 CPUs to Table 5, the list of what video hardware supports what monitors.
Sense Lines
The Sense Line Protocol was implemented when Apple recognized the need for a mechanism that would allow a display card to identify the monitor connected to it. For example, the built-in video display circuitry on the Macintosh Quadra and on the PowerBook 160, 165c, and others, can configure themselves according to the monitor that is connected at boot time. The identification scheme works fine, but there is one problem. Three sense lines limit the number of different monitors to seven plus the no-connect case. To overcome this limitation, newer display cards and built-in video use an extension to the sense line scheme that allows for 28 new codes.
The extension is based on the following idea: When the display circuitry senses a configuration that in the original scheme signals “no display connected” (in other words, when all three sense lines are not grounded), the card pulls down each sense line, one by one, and reads back what the other lines return. To return a unique code, the only requirement is that the sense lines be connected, in the cable or the monitor itself, by wires or diodes. The beauty of this idea is that existing monitors are detected correctly. Newer monitors, such as the Apple 16" Color Display, can have their own encoding, and the circuitry for detecting new monitors is relatively simple. Since there are no active components, adding the encoding to new or existing monitors involves only a few inexpensive diodes and a little wire.
The Original Scheme
In the original scheme of things, the display circuitry determines the type of monitor attached by reading three sense lines and comparing the signal value to ground. By convention, the sense lines were identified as 0, 1, and 2. Given the three lines and the two different states, on or off, there were a total of eight possible combinations. For a monitor to be recognized, a sense line on the monitor side was connected to ground to be read as a binary 0, or left unconnected to be read as a binary 1. The first seven monitors listed in Table 3 show the required sense line states for them to be recognized using the original sense line scheme.
It’s important to note that monitors using the original sense line scheme need only have their sense lines read once to determine the monitor type. As new monitor types became available for the Macintosh, the Extended Sense Line Protocol was implemented.
Extended Sense Line Protocol (Type 7)
The Extended Sense Line Protocol is one of those oddities of software engineering that can at first defy logic. One wonders how late in the evening or how many cans of Mountain Dew were consumed before the protocol notation was defined. The extended sense line protocol sets the guidelines for defining a 6-bit binary number that defines how the monitor sense lines must respond in order to be recognized correctly.  Note that this sense code protocol may also be referred to as the Type 7 Extended Sense (no-connect) Code Protocol.
With this unusual introduction, let’s step back. Under the original scheme, sense lines were compared to ground to determine their state. To reiterate, with three pins, there are a total of eight possible combinations. Seven combinations of the sense line states were assigned to the early monitor types. The eighth sense line combination has become reserved for use to signal the extended sense line protocol. In this eighth configuration, none of the three sense lines are tied to monitor ground. When the display system software reads the state of the monitor sense lines and finds that none of the three lines are grounded, the type $07 sense line protocol is assumed. For the type $07 sense line protocol, the sense lines get tied to each other within the monitor using a combination of straight wire and/or diode connections.
Under this sense line protocol, each sense line is asserted and the other two sense lines are read. Instead of being compared to ground, each line is compared to the asserted line. If a sense line is the same state as the asserted sense line, the state equates to a binary 0, otherwise, it is binary 1.
The diagram in Figure 1 shows an example of the Type 7 Sense Line Protocol notation. There are three pairs of binary numbers. Each pair of binary digits represents the relative state of two sense line pins to the third sense line pin, which is held low. Each bit is sense line specific. The idea is that software tells the video card/hardware to hold one line low and read the result of the other two lines.
Figure 1—Extended Sense Line Decode Method
To make “sense” of the protocol notation, we now present a diagram showing some theoretical interconnection between the sense lines. Given the extended sense line notation of 11 00 01, Figure 2 shows how the monitor cable sense lines would be interconnected for the system to detect a specific extended monitor type. In the Extended Sense Line Protocol, the first pair of binary digits represent the sense state of pins 1 and 0 when sense line 2 is held low. The diagram maintains the same sense of order, showing sense line 2 on the left side and sense line 0 on the right.
To read the chart in Figure 2: The three points of the triangle correspond to the three sense lines. The diodes and wires show the required connection. The 6-bit binary number below each diagram (see Figure 3 for all the current valid diagrams) corresponds to the result that will be read when polled. It is read: when 2 is pulled low, 1 and 0 return the first two digits; when 1 is pulled low, 2 and 0 return the second two bits; when 0 is pulled low, 2 and 1 return the last two bits.

Figure 2—Extended Sense Line Decode Sample
Figure 3—Extended Sense Line Decode Diagram (Type 7)
Figure 3 shows the sense line interconnections required for the existing monitors that require Type 7 sense line coding.
It is important to clarify the NTSC (Alternate) and the PAL (Alternate) diagrams for those who might wonder whether a diode is missing. For NTSC (Alternate), the binary extended notation is 01 01 00. One might at first feel that for the last pair of binary digits, 00, to make sense, there must be diode between sense line 0 and 1. In fact since sense line 1 is wired to sense line 2, asserting sense line 0 means that sense lines 2 and 1 will be read at the same state. Similar logic applies to the PAL (Alternate) diagram. This saves the implementation of another diode. For the PAL diagram, any one of the three sense line interconnections could be removed and the same extended sense line logic would be maintained.
Extended Sense Line Protocol (Type 6)
With the implementation of the New Display Manager, the sense line protocol is extended further for a family of monitors.  The type 7 extended sense line protocol takes its designation from the fact that all three sense lines are high relative to ground and can be presented in binary format as 0b111.  The same idea is extended to the three cases where one sense line is grounded.  For example, when sense line 0, (pin 4) is grounded to pin 11, the binary notation is expressed as 0b110 (least significant bit is for sense 0). From Table 3 below, one notes that the sense line configuration for this case, corresponds to the Apple RGB 13" monitor.  To extend the support of monitors in this family, one can add three new codes by connecting sense lines 1 and 2 with 1. a jumper, 2. a diode in one direction, and 3. the same diode reversed.  These new type 6 extended sense codes support three new multiple scan monitors, each of which is capable of supporting the standard 640x480 resolution in addition to other resolutions.  The Extended Sense Line Decode Table for type 6 is presented in figure 4.

Figure 4—Extended Sense Line Decode Diagram (Type 6)
Multiple Scan Monitors
The Power Macintosh VRAM expansion cards include support for several new monitor types which use the Type 6 Extended Sense Codes.  These new types are multiple scan rate monitors which can display in multiple screen resolutions.  The VRAM expansion cards being shipped with the Power Macintosh units will support the multiple scan monitors with the resolutions listed in Table 1.  Note that the Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display is sensed as a multiple scan 21 display type.
Table 1  Supported Multiple Scan Screen Resolutions
Monitor Type    Screen Resolution    Frequency (MHz)
multiple scan 13    640 x 480    67
    832 x 624    75
multiple scan 17    640 x 480    67
    832 x 624    75
    1024 x 768    75
multiple scan 21    640 x 480    67
    832 x 624    75
    1024 x 768    75
    1152 x 870    75
Video Connector
Table 2  Signal Assignments for the DB-15 External Video Connector
Pin    Signal Name    Signal Description
1    RED.GND    Red Ground
2    RED.VID    Red Video Signal
3    /CSYNC    Composite Sync Signal
4    SENSE0    Monitor Sense Line 0
5    GRN.VID    Green Video Signal
6    GRN.GND    Green Ground
7    SENSE1    Monitor Sense Line 1
8    n.c.    Not Connected
9    BLU.VID    Blue Video Signal
10    SENSE2    Monitor Sense Line 2
11    C&VSYNC.GND    Ground for CSYNC & VSYNC
12    /VSYNC    Vertical Sync Signal
13    BLU.GND    Blue Ground
14    HSYNC.GND    HSYNC Ground
15    /HSYNC    Horizontal Sync Signal
Sense Line to Monitors
Table 3  Sense Line Descriptions for Each Monitor
Signal    Sense 0    Sense 1    Sense 2    Frequency (MHz)
RGB 21"    0    0    0    100
NTSC    0    0    1    12.2727 MHz
RGB 12"    0    1    0    15.6672
B&W 12" & RGB 13"    0    1    1    30.24
B&W 15"    1    0    0    57.2834
RGB 15"    1    0    1    57.2834
B&W 21"    1    1    0    100
RGB 16"*    1    1    1    57.2834
RGB 19"*    1    1    1    80
VGA*    1    1    1    25.175
Super VGA*    1    1    1    35.16
NTSC w/convolution*    1    1    1    12.2727
PAL*    1    1    1    14.75
PAL w/convolution*    1    1    1    14.75
Multiple Scan 13"*    0    1    1    variable
Multiple Scan 17"*    0    1    1    variable
Multiple Scan 21"*    0    1    1    variable
* These monitors require extended sense line support.
Note:    The binary values in this table indicate the relative state of the sense pin measured against monitor ground, pin 11, from Table 2 above.
Table 4  Extended Sense Line Descriptions for Each Monitor
SIGNAL    1-0(2 low)    2-0(1 low)    2-1(0 low)
PAL    00    00    00
NTSC (Alternate)    01    01    00
VGA/Super VGA    01    01    11
RGB 16"    10    11    01
PAL (Alternate)    11    00    00
RGB 19"    11    10    10
Multiple Scan 13"    00    00    11
Multiple Scan 17"    00    10    11
Multiple Scan 21"    10    00    11
Note:    1-0(2 low) indicates that the software is driving monitor sense line 2 and reading back monitor sense lines 1 and 0. For example, if you have a PowerBook 160, 165c, 180, or 180c, you can make the CPU recognize that there is an Apple 16" RGB external monitor attached by noticing that the sense line code in Table 4 for such a monitor is 10 11 01. From Figure 3, this sense code equates to sense line 2 being connected to sense line 0. Using Table 2, this means that by tying pin 4 to pin 10, the PowerBook will think that the larger monitor is attached. It’s important to recognize that pins 4 and 10 in this example must not be tied to ground, otherwise, a 12" RGB monitor would be detected.
What Video Hardware Supports What Monitors
Table 5  Monitor Versus Video Hardware Versus Supported Depth
4•8:
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    8
NTSC w/convolution    8
RGB 13"    8
B&W 15"    4
B&W 21"    4
B&W 12"    8
PAL**    8
PAL w/convolution**    8
RGB 16"**    4
RGB 21"**    4
** These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new  ROM (see your
     dealer).
8•24:
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC****    1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Millions
PAL****    1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv
RGB 16"**    8
RGB 21"**    8
      **These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new ROM (see your
          dealer).
**** In the Monitors control panel, the display circuitry implements convolution
         automatically for bit depths 1–8, and nonconvolution for the millions bit depth
8•24GC:
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC****    1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Millions
PAL****    1-8 w/conv; Millions w/o conv
RGB 16"**    8
RGB 21"**    8
    ** These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new ROM (see your
         dealer).
**** In the Monitors control panel, the display circuitry implements convolution
         automatically for bit depths 1–8, and nonconvolution for the millions bit depth
24AC:
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
VGA    Millions
Super VGA 800 x 600    Millions
Super VGA 1024 x 768    Thousands
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Millions
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    Millions
Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display    Millions
Macintosh LC/LC II
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
VGA    8
RGB 13"    8
RGB 12"    Thousands
B&W 12"    8
Macintosh IIvx/IIvi
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
VGA    8
RGB 13"    8
RGB 12"***    Thousands
B&W 12"    8
*** For the 12" RGB monitor, the built-in video does not support 1 bit/pixel mode.
Macintosh IIci/IIsi
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
RGB 13"    8
RGB 12"    8
B&W 15"    4
B&W 12"    8
RGB 15"    4
Macintosh LC III
Power Macintosh 6100/60 Built-in Video
Power Macintosh 7100/66 Built-in Video
Power Macintosh 8100/80 Built-in Video
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
VGA    Thousands
RGB 13"    Thousands
RGB 12"    Thousands
B&W 12"*****    Thousands
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    8
***** Thousands mode is available because the built-in video circuitry cannot
           distinguish between the 12" black-and-white and the 13" RGB monitors. The
           12" black-and white display is capable of 256 gray levels; however, when the
           Thousands mode is selected, there are only 32 gray levels available due to the
           way 16 bits-per-pixel support is implemented.
Macintosh LC 475/Quadra 605
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Thousands
VGA/SuperVGA    Thousands
B&W 12"    8
RGB 12"    Thousands
RGB 13"    Thousands
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Thousands
RGB 19"    8
B&W 21"    8
RGB 21"    8
PowerBook 160/165c/180/180c/MiniDock/DuoDock
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
VGA/Super VGA    8
RGB 13"    8
RGB 12"    8
B&W 12"    8
B&W 15"    4
RGB 16"    8
Macintosh Quadra 700/900
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Millions
NTSC w/convolution    8
VGA    Millions
Super VGA    Millions
PAL    Millions
PAL w/convolution    8
RGB 13"    Millions
RGB 12"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Millions
Macintosh Quadra 660AV
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Thousands
NTSC w/Convolution    8
VGA/SuperVGA    Thousands
PAL    Thousands
PAL w/Convolution    8
RGB 12"    Thousands
RGB 13"    Thousands
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Thousands
RGB 21"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Thousands
RGB 19"    8
Note:    For the Quadra 660AV, the maximum bit depth settings assume all VRAM set for use by video out.
Macintosh Quadra 950
Macintosh Quadra 840AV
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Millions
NTSC w/Convolution    8
VGA    Millions
Super VGA    Millions
PAL    Millions
PAL w/Convolution    8
RGB 12"    Millions
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    Thousands
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Millions
RGB 19"    Thousands
Note:    For the Quadra 840AV, the maximum bit depth settings assume all VRAM set for use by video out.
Macintosh Centris 610/650
Macintosh Quadra 610/650/800
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Thousands
VGA/SuperVGA    Thousands
PAL    Thousands
RGB 13"    Thousands
RGB 12"    Thousands
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Thousands
RGB 21"    8
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    Thousands
RGB 19"    8
Power Macintosh 7100 VRAM Expansion Card
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Millions
VGA/Super VGA    Millions
PAL    Millions
RGB 12"    Millions
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    Thousands
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    8
RGB 19"    Thousands
Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display    Thousands
Power Macintosh 8100 VRAM Expansion Card
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Millions
VGA/Super VGA    Millions
PAL    Millions
RGB 12"    Millions
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    Millions
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    8
RGB 19"    Millions
Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display    Millions
Power Macintosh AV Card
Monitor    Max. Bit Depth
NTSC    Millions
NTSC w/Convolution    8
VGA    Millions
Super VGA 800 x 600    Millions
Super VGA 1024 x 768    Thousands
PAL    Millions
PAL w/Convolution    8
RGB 12"    Millions
RGB 13"    Millions
B&W 15"    8
RGB 15"    Thousands
RGB 16"    Millions
RGB 21"    Thousands
B&W 21"    8
B&W 12"    8
RGB 19"    Thousands
Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display    Millions
Further Reference:
•    Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware, second edition, Displays
•    develop Issue 3, “Macintosh Display Card 8•24GC: The Naked Truth”
•    Developer Notes (for each CPU)
•    M.HW.ColorMonitors
R◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊°dWORDS
 †å°dWORDR
…†Ç

$Zv#
    0Ià:µú9"p    ˇˇˇˇˇˇˇˇ#†ƒ°d
ONLNf
˛†å°d1drw2
…-
·
_ġˇˇˇˇˇ

è°ñ
x°ddrw2:
°ddrw2:$°d4drw2:





°öˇ˙ó@†ò,Times

.
WIQkWIQk+]7New Technical Notes†ô°ddrw2:°„
†ó°d1drw2
e
Ùġˇˇˇˇˇ

P°ñ
x°ddrw2:
°ddrw2:$°d4drw2:




°öˇ˚ÄE¿†ò
Ä(p
ïDeveloper Support†ô°ddrw2:°„
†ó°d`drw2-
Ôˇˇˇˇˇˇ

K
Ô-
Z
 [[Z°d1drw2
 
¿
˙
Èˇˇˇˇˇˇ

K°ñ
x°ddrw2:
°ddrw2:$°d4drw2:
0



°öˇÙĆò
0(J
Ô
†ô°ddrw2:°„
†ó°d1drw2
Ô
Ê
˙
ˇˇˇˇˇˇ

°ñ
x°ddrw2:
°ddrw2:$°d4drw2:
    



°öˇ˝Ä†ò
    l+&    
®†ô°ddrw2:°„
†ó°d1drw2
Â-
¯yˇˇˇˇˇˇ



°ñ
x°ddrw2:
°ddrw2:$°d4drw2:




°öˇ˚Ä%†ò
BÄ(O\    Macintosh†ô°ddrw2:°„
†ó†ç°ddrw2D†É°dWORD†ç

d
.



°dONLNdX<kÎ(ÖZHW 30 - Sense Lines
°dONLNdj<y|*Hardware
°dONLNdÖ<ëw*Revised by: °dONLNd+ÖÑë¿)HRich Kubota°dONLNd7Ö
Α
˛(≠
ÏMay 1994°dONLNd@ë<ùw(πZRevised by: °dONLNdMëÑù¿)HRich Kubota°dONLNdYë
Ν
˛(π
ÏMay 1993°dONLNdbù<©q(≈ZWritten by:°dONLNdnùÑ©
b)H-Rich “I See Colors” Collyer and Blake Roberts°dONLNdúù
±©
˛(≈
œSeptember 1992°dONLNd´µ<¡
Ø(›ZMEver wonder how to set up an Apple video card or Macintosh built-in video to 
°dONLNd¯µ
Ø¡(›
Õsupport various size°dONLNd

¡<Õ
ÿ(ÈZNmonitors? Well, this Technical Note will tell you everything you need to know °dONLNd
[¡
ÿÕ(È
ˆ
about what°dONLNd
fÕ<ŸŸ(ıZmonitors are supported and how.
°dONLNd
ÜÂ<Ò»*Changes since February 
°dONLNd
ù»ÒË)å1993:°dONLNd
¢ÂËÒ) > Updated list to include latest Macintosh Products as of April

"
0°dONLNd
·Ò<˝

(
Z(1994.  Added discussion of the new type 
°dONLNd    Ò

˝)≈76 extended sense code.  This new code is in addition to"
0°dONLNdA˝<
    
@(
%Z6the previously discussed extended sense code protocol 
°dONLNdw˝
@
    (
%
^(which is now designated as type 7.  Show"
0°dONLNd†
    <

õ(
1ZJthe new type 6 sense codes for three multiple scan monitor configurations."
(0

°dONLNdÎ
<
!Û*Changes since September 1992:°dONLNd
Û
!
n)∑ Corrected the sense line °dONLNd"

n
!){!pin descriptions in Figures 1, 2,"
40°dONLNdD
!<
-
≥(
IZRand 3, plus the associated descriptions. In the previous release of the Technical 
°dONLNdñ
!
≥
-(
I
—Note, sense lines 2"
@0°dONLNd™
-<
9
N(
UZ7and 0 were inverted. In each example, sense line 0 was °dONLNd·
-
N
9(
U
l&marked as sense line 2 and vice versa."
L0°dONLNd
9<
E÷(
aZModified Figure 3 to show only 
°dONLNd'
9÷
E)ö@the relevant combinations of extended sense line combinations as"
X0°dONLNdh
E<
Q
~(
mZApresented in Table 4, “Extended Sense Line Descriptions for each °dONLNd©
E
~
Q(
m
úMonitor.” Provided additional"
d0°dONLNd«
Q<
]
≠(
yZJdescription on understanding the regular and extended sense line protocol °dONLNd
Q
≠
](
y
Ànotation. Added the"
p0°dONLNd%
]<
i
—(
ÖZSSpring ’93 CPUs to Table 5, the list of what video hardware supports what monitors."
|0 
îX
î/

°dONLNdy
é<
ùâ*4Sense Lines
°dONLNdÜ
©<
µ≥*The Sense Line Protocol 
°dONLNdû
©≥
µ)wCwas implemented when Apple recognized the need for a mechanism that°dONLNd‚
µ<
¡Ò(
›Z'would allow a display card to identify 
°dONLNd    
µÒ
¡)µ<the monitor connected to it. For example, the built-in video°dONLNdF
¡<
Õ
Ÿ(
ÈZNdisplay circuitry on the Macintosh Quadra and on the PowerBook 160, 165c, and °dONLNdî
¡
Ÿ
Õ(
È
˜others, can
°dONLNd†
Õ<
Ÿ‰(
ıZ"configure themselves according to °dONLNd¬
Õ‰
Ÿ)®>the monitor that is connected at boot time. The identification°dONLNd

Ÿ<
Â
(
Z?scheme works fine, but there is one problem. Three sense lines °dONLNd@
Ÿ

Â(

ùlimit the number of different°dONLNd^
Â<
Òª(
Zmonitors to seven plus the 
°dONLNdy
ª
Ò)Eno-connect case. To overcome this limitation, newer display cards and°dONLNdø
Ò<
˝
œ(ZVbuilt-in video use an extension to the sense line scheme that allows for 28 new codes.°dONLNd    <
ˇ*`The extension is based on the following idea: When the display circuitry senses a configuration 
°dONLNdv    
ˇ(1that°dONLNd{<!H(=Zin 
°dONLNd~H!)^the original scheme signals “no display connected” (in other words, when all three sense lines°dONLNd›!<-
(IZDare not grounded), the card pulls down each sense line, one by one, 
°dONLNd    !!
-(I
ùand reads back what the other°dONLNd    ?-<9Ô(UZ'lines return. To return a unique code, 
°dONLNd    f-Ô9)≥=the only requirement is that the sense lines be connected, in°dONLNd    §9<E
b(aZ@the cable or the monitor itself, by wires or diodes. The beauty 
°dONLNd    ‰9
bE(a
Ä&of this idea is that existing monitors°dONLNd
E<Q˙(mZ(are detected correctly. Newer monitors, 
°dONLNd
3E˙Q)æ7such as the Apple 16" Color Display, can have their own°dONLNd
kQ<]
ı(yZ`encoding, and the circuitry for detecting new monitors is relatively simple. Since there are no 
°dONLNd
ÀQ
ı](yactive°dONLNd
“]<iÔ(ÖZ#components, adding the encoding to °dONLNd
ı]Ôi)≥8new or existing monitors involves only a few inexpensive°dONLNd.i<u™(ëZdiodes and a little wire.

°dONLNdHç<ú»*'The Original Scheme  X /

*(HW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
ˇ
1) of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇ°¿
Ù%%DSIDICT:_cv
currentdict /bu known {bu}if
userdict /_cv known not{userdict /_cv 30 dict put}if
_cv begin
/bdf{bind def}bind def
currentscreen/cs exch def/ca exch def/cf exch def
/setcmykcolor where{/setcmykcolor get /cvcmyk exch def}{/cvcmyk{1 sub 4 1 roll 3{3 index add neg dup 0 lt{pop 0}if 3 1 roll}repeat setrgbcolor pop}bdf }ifelse
/ss{//cf //ca //cs setscreen}bdf
/stg{ss setgray}bdf
/strgb{ss setrgbcolor}bdf
/stcmyk{ss cvcmyk}bdf
/min1{dup 0 eq{pop 1}if}bdf
end
currentdict /bn known {bn}if
†øx◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/

°dONLNd+7
µ*&WIn the original scheme of things, the display circuitry determines the type of monitor °dONLNdW+
µ7
Ï(S
”attached by°dONLNdc7C
X(_6Dreading three sense lines and comparing the signal value to ground. 
°dONLNdß7
XC
Ï(_
vBy convention, the sense lines°dONLNdΔCOa(k6were identified 
°dONLNd÷CaO
Ï)ITas 0, 1, and 2. Given the three lines and the two different states, on or off, there°dONLNd
+O[
R(w6Awere a total of eight possible combinations. For a monitor to be °dONLNd
lO
R[
Ï(w
precognized, a sense line on the°dONLNd
å[g
(É65monitor side was connected to ground to be read as a 
°dONLNd
¡[
g
Ï)˝-binary 0, or left unconnected to be read as a°dONLNd
Ôgs

(è65binary 1. The first seven monitors listed in Table 3 
°dONLNd$g

s
Ï)Ú/show the required sense line states for them to°dONLNdTs
    (õ63be recognized using the original sense line scheme.°dONLNdàãó
E*CIt’s important to note that monitors using the original sense line 
°dONLNdÀã
Eó
Ï(≥
c!scheme need only have their sense°dONLNdÌó£
fi(ø6Ylines read once to determine the monitor type. As new monitor types became available for °dONLNdFó
ޣ
Ï(ø
¸the°dONLNdJ£Ø
H(À6<Macintosh, the Extended Sense Line Protocol was implemented.

°dONLNdá«÷
*'%Extended Sense Line Protocol (Type 7)"Ê3"ı3
°dONLNd≠‚Ó
.*:The Extended Sense Line Protocol is one of those oddities 
°dONLNdÁ‚
.Ó
Ï(


L)of software engineering that can at first"

3°dONLNdÓ˙
;(
67defy logic. One wonders how late in the evening or how °dONLNdHÓ
;˙
Ï(

Ymany cans of Mountain Dew were"

3°dONLNdg˙

ô(
"6Kconsumed before the protocol notation was defined. The extended sense line °dONLNd≤˙
ô

Ï(
"
∑protocol sets the"
3°dONLNdƒ

ñ(
.6guidelines for defining a °dONLNdfi
ñ

Ï)~A6-bit binary number that defines how the monitor sense lines must"
%3°dONLNd 


.(
:68respond in order to be recognized correctly.  Note that °dONLNdX

.

Ï(
:
L$this sense code protocol may also be"
13°dONLNd}

*
c(
F6Dreferred to as the Type 7 Extended Sense (no-connect) Code Protocol."
=3"
I3°dONLNd¬
6
Bt*With this unusual °dONLNd‘
6t
B
Ï)\Jintroduction, let’s step back. Under the original scheme, sense lines were"
U3°dONLNd
B
NÎ(
j6-compared to ground to determine their state. 
°dONLNdL
BÎ
N
Ï)”9To reiterate, with three pins, there are a total of eight"
a3°dONLNdÜ
N
Z
≤(
v6Qpossible combinations. Seven combinations of the sense line states were assigned °dONLNd◊
N
≤
Z
Ï(
v
–to the early"
m3°dONLNd‰
Z
f{(
Ç6monitor types. The °dONLNd˜
Z{
f
Ï)cGeighth sense line combination has become reserved for use to signal the"
y3°dONLNd?
f
r±(
é6!extended sense line protocol. In 
°dONLNd`
f±
r
Ï)ôDthis eighth configuration, none of the three sense lines are tied to"
Ö3°dONLNd•
r
~à(
ö6monitor ground. When 
°dONLNd∫
rà
~
Ï)pJthe display system software reads the state of the monitor sense lines and"
ë3°dONLNd
~
ä
fi(
¶6bfinds that none of the three lines are grounded, the type $07 sense line protocol is assumed. For 
°dONLNdg
~
fi
ä
Ï(
¶
¸the"
ù3°dONLNdk
ä
ñ
Á(
≤6^type $07 sense line protocol, the sense lines get tied to each other within the monitor using °dONLNd…
ä
Á
ñ
Ï(
≤
a"
©3°dONLNdÀ
ñ
¢
(
æ66combination of straight wire and/or diode connections."
µ3"
¡3°dONLNd    
Æ
∫M*Under this 
°dONLNd    
ÆM
∫
Ï)5Xsense line protocol, each sense line is asserted and the other two sense lines are read."
Õ3°dONLNd    g
∫
Δ§(
‚6Instead of being compared to 
°dONLNd    Ñ
∫§
Δ
Ï)åFground, each line is compared to the asserted line. If a sense line is"
Ÿ3°dONLNd    À
Δ
“
›(
Ó6fthe same state as the asserted sense line, the state equates to a binary 0, otherwise, it is binary 1."
Â3"
Ò3°dONLNd
3
fi
ÍÙ*,The diagram in Figure 1 shows an example of 
°dONLNd
_
fiÙ
Í
Ï)‹2the Type 7 Sense Line Protocol notation. There are"
˝3°dONLNd
í
Í
ˆ™(6three pairs of binary numbers. 
°dONLNd
±
Í™
ˆ
Ï)íEEach pair of binary digits represents the relative state of two sense"    3°dONLNd
˜
ˆñ(6line pins to the third sense 
°dONLNd
ˆñ
Ï)~Iline pin, which is held low. Each bit is sense line specific. The idea is"3°dONLNd^
n(*6Jthat software tells the video card/hardware to hold one line low and read 
°dONLNd®
n
Ï(*
åthe result of the other two"!3°dONLNdƒ2(66lines."-3  4 

*™
2) of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇ&◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//°ddPro
†Ç†å†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


{
$ã
d
.ˇ
Ü
∫Ü
∫°dONLNdˇˇ(Ü
'XX XX XX†ô†ó†ú

>gƒ!"â
*$"â
33"â
S3"â
\$"U
G$"F
?3"≠
*Ω"≠
†Ω"T
äΩ"º
3¥"Ω
°≤"F
ä∂†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


¶g∂°dONLNdˇˇ(±hsense 1 state, sense 2 low†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


¥gƒÂ°dONLNdˇˇ*sense 0 state, sense 2 low†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


>
åNÉ@°dONLNdˇˇ(I
èsense 2 state, sense 1 low†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


L
å\É@°dONLNdˇˇ*sense 0 state, sense 1 low†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


¶
£∂!É@°dONLNdˇˇ+Zsense 2 state, sense 0 low†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0


¥
£ƒ!É@°dONLNdˇˇ*sense 1 state, sense 0 low†ô†ó†ú†ç†É

d
.



°dONLNd±üΩ
≠(ŸΩ*Figure 1—Extended Sense Line Decode Method
°dONLNd+…<’
(ÒZ*To make “sense” of the protocol notation, °dONLNdU…
’)œ1we now present a diagram showing some theoretical°dONLNdá’<·
â(˝ZBinterconnection between the sense lines. Given the extended sense °dONLNd…’
â·(˝
ßline notation of 11 00 01,°dONLNd‰·<Ì
√(
    ZQFigure 2 shows how the monitor cable sense lines would be interconnected for the 
°dONLNd
5·
√Ì(
    
·system to detect°dONLNd
FÌ<˘õ(
Za specific extended °dONLNd
ZÌõ˘)_Kmonitor type. In the Extended Sense Line Protocol, the first pair of binary°dONLNd
¶˘<

+(
!Z1digits represent the sense state of pins 1 and 0 °dONLNd
◊˘
+
)Ô*when sense line 2 is held low. The diagram
°dONLNd
<

Ê(
-ZXmaintains the same sense of order, showing sense line 2 on the left side and sense line °dONLNdZ

Ê
(
-0 on the°dONLNdc
<
V(
9Zright.°dONLNdk
)<
5t*To read the 
°dONLNdw
)t
5)8Xchart in Figure 2: The three points of the triangle correspond to the three sense lines.°dONLNd–
5<
A
6(
]Z3The diodes and wires show the required connection. 
°dONLNd
5
6
A)˙*The 6-bit binary number below each diagram°dONLNd.
A<
M
∂(
iZQ(see Figure 3 for all the current valid diagrams) corresponds to the result that °dONLNd
A
∂
M(
i
‘will be read when°dONLNdë
M<
Y
z(
uZGpolled. It is read: when 2 is pulled low, 1 and 0 return the first two 
°dONLNdÿ
M
z
Y(
u
òdigits; when 1 is pulled low, 2°dONLNd¯
Y<
e
÷(
ÅZYand 0 return the second two bits; when 0 is pulled low, 2 and 1 return the last two bits.°ddPro
†Ç†å†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(



Àä
ÿï

.ˇ
_Q_Q°dONLNdˇˇ+2T
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(



ï¨
¢π°dONLNdˇˇ(
ü∞
1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(



À–
ÿ€°dONLNdˇˇ+$6
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(



Êû
Ù«°dONLNdˇˇ(
°11 00 01†ô†ó†ú


ïä
Ù€"
ø¥"
«åH††°§P

"
—©#
˜##ˆ˜##    ##    #†£


ïä
Ù€#
˜#ˆ˜#    ##†°"
£∞$$††°§P

"
±Ã#Ò####¯##˘#†£


ïä
Ù€#Ò##¯#˙#ˇ†°"
©≈Ô"
§∞‹$††°§P

"
√û#Ò##Ò#####†£


ïä
Ù€#Ò#Ò###†°"
ªßÒÔ†ç†É

d
.



°dONLNdˇˇ+:        °ddPro
†Ç†å†õ°ñ
†ò°ddPro0



êÛ
Ù
˛.ˇ
d
d
°dONLNdˇˇ(
õÙ6The circuitry shown here produces the following code:
†ô†ò°ddPro0
*

†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ*"SENSE  2  low   SENSE 1   SENSE 0
†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ*
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
        1    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$  1
†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ(
ÀÙ"SENSE  1  low   SENSE 2   SENSE 0
†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ*
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$         0    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$   0
†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ(
„Ù"SENSE  0  low   SENSE 2   SENSE 1
†ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ*
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$         0    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$
    †ô†ò°ddPro0
°dONLNdˇˇ)$   1†ô†ó†úˇˇˇˇˇˇ    1
 
«
‘
—8†ç†É

d
.



°dONLNd[
·ü
Ì
¨(    Ω*Figure 2—Extended Sense Line Decode Sample    ˇˇˇˇˇˇˇˇ  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
ˇ
3) of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇ
◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/°ddPro
†Ç†å†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(



õ
Δ.ˇ
”
2”
2°dONLNdˇˇ+i›10 11 01†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"·„؆õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ö
o©
ö°dONLNdˇˇ(§
s01 01 11†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"y
[)ÿ"zë(ÿ†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


B≥Q¿°dONLNdˇˇ(L∑
1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


õ§™œ°dONLNdˇˇ(•®00 00 00†ô†ó†ú

>á

π#)("{„؆õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(








5°dONLNdˇˇ+ff11 00 00†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"π
 ÿ(††°§P

"€

#Ô####    #####†£

>á

π#Ô##    ###

†°"”
ÔÔ"π
 ((†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


õ
™
6°dONLNdˇˇ(•
01 01 00†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"z˘P"zˆ)ÿ†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(




p

õ°dONLNdˇˇ+eg11 10 10†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"π
Ö((†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


B
Q
'°dONLNdˇˇ(L

1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


A
~P
ã°dONLNdˇˇ(K
Ç
1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


®≥∑¿°dONLNdˇˇ(≤∑
1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


®
∑
&°dONLNdˇˇ)f
1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


©
∏
å°dONLNdˇˇ+f

1†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~ãçò°dONLNdˇˇ(àè
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~‹çÈ°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~Ú硰dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~
Cç
P°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~
Uç
b°dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


~
¶ç
≥°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ÂåÙô°dONLNdˇˇ(Ôê
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


›ÙÍ°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ÂÛÙ
°dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Â
DÙ
Q°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Â
VÙ
c°dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Â
ßÙ
¥°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ô†ó†ú

>á

π"q
%††°§P

"Å
#
˜##ˆ˜##    #####†£

>á

π#
˜#ˆ˜#    ###
†°0@â®Ô0@Ó®
T0@
S®
π0ßâ
Ô0ßÓ

T0ß
S

π0@â®Ô0@Ó®
T0@
S®
π0ßâ
Ô0ßÓ

T0ß
S

π†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ã´öΔ
‡°dONLNdˇˇ(ïØPAL†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ã˜ö
Gâ¿°dONLNdˇˇ)LNTSC (Alternate)†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


ã
aö
±ᇰdONLNdˇˇ)j
VGA/Super VGA†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Ù£
–̆°dONLNdˇˇ(˛¶RGB 16"†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Ù˘

BflÄ°dONLNdˇˇ)VPAL (Alternate)†ô†ó†ú†õ°ñ†ò°ddPro(


Ù
n

õ̆°dONLNdˇˇ)uRGB 19"†ô†ó†ú†ç†É

d

.



°dONLNd˛^


¶(
&|4Figure 3—Extended Sense Line Decode Diagram (Type 7)°dONLNd5

"
C(
>6@Figure 3 shows the sense line interconnections required for the 
°dONLNdu

C
"
Ï(
>
a#existing monitors that require Type°dONLNdô
"
.v(
J67 sense line coding.
°dONLNdØ
:
Fƒ*$It is important to clarify the NTSC °dONLNd”
:ƒ
F
Ï)¨:(Alternate) and the PAL (Alternate) diagrams for those who°dONLNd

F
RÜ(
n6might wonder whether 
°dONLNd
#
FÜ
R
Ï)nIa diode is missing. For NTSC (Alternate), the binary extended notation is°dONLNd
m
R
^
’(
z6d01 01 00. One might at first feel that for the last pair of binary digits, 00, to make sense, there 
°dONLNd
—
R
’
^
Ï(
z
Ûmust°dONLNd
÷
^
jm(
Ü6be diode between 
°dONLNd
Á
^m
j
Ï)URsense line 0 and 1. In fact since sense line 1 is wired to sense line 2, asserting°dONLNd:
j
vΩ(
í6$sense line 0 means that sense lines 
°dONLNd^
jΩ
v«)•2 
°dONLNd`
j«
v€)
and°dONLNdc
j€
v
Ï); 1 will be read at the same state. Similar logic applies to°dONLNdü
v
Ç
¡(
û6Qthe PAL (Alternate) diagram. This saves the implementation of another diode. For °dONLNd
v
¡
Ç
Ï(
û
flthe PAL°dONLNd¯
Ç
é
C(
™6@diagram, any one of the three sense line interconnections could 
°dONLNd8
Ç
C
é
Ï(
™
a be removed and the same extended°dONLNdY
é
ö…(
∂6%sense line logic would be maintained.

°dONLNd
≤
¡
*'%Extended Sense Line Protocol (Type 6)"
—3
°dONLNd•
¡
Õé*With the implementation 
°dONLNdΩ
¡é
Õ
Ï)vGof the New Display Manager, the sense line protocol is extended further"
‡3°dONLNd
Õ
Ÿ
¬(
ı6Yfor a family of monitors.  The type 7 extended sense line protocol takes its designation °dONLNd^
Õ
¬
Ÿ
Ï(
ı
‡from the"
Ï3°dONLNdg
Ÿ
Â,(
6fact 
°dONLNdl
Ÿ,
Â
Ï)_that all three sense lines are high relative to ground and can be presented in binary format as"
¯3°dONLNdÃ
Â
Ò>(
60b111. °dONLNd”
Â>
Ò
Ï)&T The same idea is extended to the three cases where one sense line is grounded.  For"3
°dONLNd(
Ò
˝◊(6'example, when sense line 0, (pin 4) is °dONLNdO
Ò◊
˝
Ï)ø7grounded to pin 11, the binary notation is expressed as"3
°dONLNdá
˝    W(%6
0b110 (least °dONLNdî
˝W    
Ï)?Rsignificant bit is for sense 0). From Table 3 below, one notes that the sense line"3°dONLNdÁ    
C(16>configuration for this case, corresponds to the Apple RGB 13" 
°dONLNd%    
C
Ï(1
a"monitor.  To extend the support of"(3°dONLNdH!±(=6!monitors in this family, one can 
°dONLNdi±!
Ï)ô?add three new codes by connecting sense lines 1 and 2 with 1. a"43°dONLNd©!-r(I6jumper, 2. a diode 
°dONLNdº!r-
Ï)ZLin one direction, and 3. the same diode reversed.  These new type 6 extended"@3°dONLNd    -9Ï(U6,sense codes support three new multiple scan 
°dONLNd5-Ï9
Ï)‘4monitors, each of which is capable of supporting the"L3°dONLNdj9E
A(a6>standard 640x480 resolution in addition to other resolutions. °dONLNd®9
AE
Ï(a
_ The Extended Sense Line Decode"X3°dONLNd»EQ÷(m6*Table for type 6 is presented in figure 4."d3"p3  4 

*s
4) of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇ&◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//
°dONLNdÄ<åQ(®Z       †Ç°ñ°öˇ˝

õÚß


.
j
ój
ó°dONLNdˇˇ(§Û00 00 11†ó°ñ°öˇ˝

õ
Xß
}°dONLNdˇˇ)f10 00 11†ó

>o®"d
[††°§˝



"u
[#Ô####    #######†£

>o®#˜#¯#¯#¯#####

#

#

#

#†°"l
cÔÔ°ñ°öˇ˝

õ
øß
‰°dONLNdˇˇ)g00 10 11†ó°ñ°öˇ˝

C
O
    °dONLNdˇˇ(L

1†ó°ñ°öˇ˝

C
hO
o°dONLNdˇˇ)f
1†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

D
ŒP
’°dONLNdˇˇ+f

1†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ā傰dONLNdˇˇ(â‹
2†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä
,å
3°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä
Bå
I°dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä
ìå
ö°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä
•å
¨°dONLNdˇˇ)
2†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä
ˆå
˝°dONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ó

>o®0@÷®
<0@
;®
°0@
†®0@÷®
<0@
;®
°0@
†®°ñ°öˇ˝#

è‡õ
(°dONLNdˇˇ(ò·multiple scan 13"†ó°ñ°öˇ˝#

è
Fõ
é≠°dONLNdˇˇ)fmultiple scan 21"†ó°ñ°öˇ˝#

è
®õ
⁄°dONLNdˇˇ)bmultiple scan 17"†ó

>o®"ä
ò"ë
ûÛ"î
õ˘"ó
ô˝"ã
0"í
6Ù"ï
4˘"ò
2˝"ã
˙"íÙ"ï
˛˘"ò
¸˝"zfl(ÿ"z
E(ÿ"t
√ÔÔ"{
´(ÿ"k
∫††°§˝



"Z
∫#####¯˜##¸¸##˛˛##˛˛#†£

>o®##    ###¸˚#¸¸#˛˛#˛˛#ˇˇ#ˇˇ#ˇˇ#ˇˇ#†°0@q®◊°ñ°öˇ˝

õåß±°dONLNdˇˇ(§ç10 10 11†ó°ñ°öˇ˝

CõO¢°dONLNdˇˇ(Lú
1†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ätå{°dONLNdˇˇ(âu
2†ó°ñ°öˇ¸

Ä≈åðdONLNdˇˇ)Q
0†ó°ñ°öˇ˝

èãõ≤°dONLNdˇˇ(òåRGB 13"†ó

>o®"ã "í–Ù"ïŒ˘"òÃ˝†É

d">Wi"®W

.



°dONLNdïÇ°
 +%4Figure 4—Extended Sense Line Decode Diagram (Type 6)"¥W"¿W
°dONLNd=∞<øÿ(€ZMultiple Scan Monitors"œW"fiW
°dONLNdTŒ<⁄
w*The Power Macintosh VRAM expansion cards include support °dONLNdçŒ
w⁄(ˆ
ïfor several new monitor types"ÌW
°dONLNd´⁄<Ê
x(
Z<which use the Type 6 Extended Sense Codes.  These new types °dONLNdÁ⁄
xÊ(

ñare multiple scan rate monitors"˘W°dONLNd
Ê<Ú
=(
Z7which can display in multiple screen resolutions.  The 
°dONLNd
>Ê
=Ú(

['VRAM expansion cards being shipped with"
W°dONLNd
fÚ<˛
T(
Z9the Power Macintosh units will support the multiple scan °dONLNd
üÚ
T˛(

r'monitors with the resolutions listed in"
W
°dONLNd
«˛<


$(
&Z/Table 1.  Note that the Apple Multiple Scan 20 °dONLNd
ˆ˛
$

)Ë/Display is sensed as a multiple scan 21 display"
W°dONLNd&

<
T(
2Ztype."
)W"
5W
°dONLNd,
"ß
.
÷+k3Table 1  Supported Multiple Scan Screen Resolutions"
Aà°dONLNd`
:m
F∫(
bãMonitor Type°dONLNdm
:
F
W)ÉScreen Resolution°dONLNd
:
Ä
F
‰)êFrequency (MHz)"
eà# 
eâ
e/"
Yà°dONLNdè
Gm
S∫(
oãmultiple scan 13°dONLNd†
G

S
2)ï    640 x 480°dONLNd™
G
ñ
S
¢)î67"
fà°dONLNdÆ
S

_
2(
{
     832 x 624°dONLNd∏
S
ñ
_
¢)î75"
rà°dONLNdª
_m
k∫(
áãmultiple scan 17°dONLNdÃ
_

k
2)ï    640 x 480°dONLNd÷
_
ñ
k
¢)î67"
~à°dONLNd⁄
k

w
2(
ì
     832 x 624°dONLNd‰
k
ñ
w
¢)î75"
äà°dONLNdË
w

É
8(
ü

1024 x 768°dONLNdÛ
w
ñ
É
¢)î75"
ñà°dONLNdˆ
Ém
è∫(
´ãmultiple scan 21°dONLNd
É

è
2)ï    640 x 480°dONLNd
É
ñ
è
¢)î67"
¢à°dONLNd
è

õ
2(
∑
     832 x 624°dONLNd
è
ñ
õ
¢)î75"
Æà°dONLNd#
õ

ß
8(
√

1024 x 768°dONLNd.
õ
ñ
ß
¢)î75"
∫à°dONLNd2
ß

≥
8(
œ

1152 x 870°dONLNd=
ß
ñ
≥
¢)î75"
Δà

°dONLNd@
ø<
ά(
ÍZVideo Connector
°dONLNdP
⁄y
Ê+=BTable 2  Signal Assignments for the DB-15 External Video Connector°dONLNdì
ıÑ
ó+Pin°dONLNdó
ı∫

)6Signal Name°dONLNd£
ı
A

™)áSignal Description  † /°dONLNd∂Ñä(*¢
1°dONLNd∏∫Ô)6RED.GND°dONLNd¿
A
|)á
Red Ground°dONLNdÀÑä(6¢
2°dONLNdÕ∫È)6RED.VID°dONLNd’
A
î)áRed Video Signal°dONLNdÊÑ&ä(B¢
3°dONLNdË∫&Â)6/CSYNC°dONLNdÔ
A&
∞)áComposite Sync Signal°dONLNd&Ñ2ä(N¢
4°dONLNd&∫2Â)6SENSE0°dONLNd&
A2
ß)áMonitor Sense Line 0°dONLNd#2Ñ>ä(Z¢
5°dONLNd%2∫>Ï)6GRN.VID°dONLNd-2
A>
û)áGreen Video Signal°dONLNd@>ÑJä(f¢
6°dONLNdB>∫JÚ)6GRN.GND°dONLNdJ>
AJ
Ü)áGreen Ground°dONLNdWJÑVä(r¢
7°dONLNdYJ∫VÂ)6SENSE1°dONLNd`J
AV
ß)áMonitor Sense Line 1°dONLNduVÑbä(~¢
8°dONLNdwV∫bÕ)6n.c.°dONLNd|V
Ab
à)á
Not Connected°dONLNdäbÑnä(ä¢
9°dONLNdåb∫nÍ)6BLU.VID°dONLNdîb
An
ó)áBlue Video Signal°dONLNd¶nÑzê(ñ¢10°dONLNd©n∫zÂ)6SENSE2°dONLNd∞n
Az
ß)áMonitor Sense Line 2°dONLNd≈zÑÜê(¢¢11°dONLNd»z∫Ü
)6C&VSYNC.GND°dONLNd‘z
AÜ
Ÿ)áGround for CSYNC & VSYNC°dONLNdÌÜÑíê(Æ¢12°dONLNdÜ∫íÂ)6/VSYNC°dONLNd˜Ü
Aí
°)áVertical Sync Signal°dONLNdíÑûê(∫¢13°dONLNdí∫û)6BLU.GND°dONLNdí
Aû
)áBlue Ground  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
ˇ
5) of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇæ◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/
°dONLNd`+l+H14°dONLNdñ+›)6    HSYNC.GND°dONLNd

+
n)áHSYNC Ground°dONLNd+`7l(S~15°dONLNd+ñ7¬)6/HSYNC°dONLNd$+
7
ã)áHorizontal Sync Signal

°dONLNd;O^≤(z6Sense Line to Monitors
°dONLNdRj{v
õ+c1Table 3  Sense Line Descriptions for Each Monitor°dONLNdÑÇ<é`(™ZSignal°dONLNdãÇ®é‘)lSense 0°dONLNdìÇÁé
)?Sense 1°dONLNdõÇ
&é
R)?Sense 2°dONLNd£Ç
né
“)HFrequency (MHz) ≠X≠°dONLNd≥è<õi(∑ZRGB 21"°dONLNdªè∫õ¿)~
0°dONLNdΩèÙõ˙):
0°dONLNdøè
8õ
>)D
0°dONLNd¡è
wõ
â)?100°dONLNd≈õ<ß[(√ZNTSC°dONLNd õ∫ß¿)~
0°dONLNdÃõÙß˙):
0°dONLNdŒõ
8ß
>)D
1°dONLNd–õ
wß
∫)?12.2727 MHz°dONLNd‹ß<≥i(œZRGB 12"°dONLNd‰ß∫≥¿)~
0°dONLNdÊßÙ≥˙):
1°dONLNdËß
8≥
>)D
0°dONLNdÍß
w≥
ü)?15.6672°dONLNdÚ≥<ø®(€ZB&W 12" & RGB 13"°dONLNd
≥∫ø¿)~
0°dONLNd
≥Ùø˙):
1°dONLNd
≥
8ø
>)D
1°dONLNd

≥
wø
ì)?30.24°dONLNd
ø<Àl(ÁZB&W 15"°dONLNd
ø∫À¿)~
1°dONLNd
øÙÀ˙):
0°dONLNd
ø
8À
>)D
0°dONLNd
ø
wÀ
ü)?57.2834°dONLNd
&À<◊i(ÛZRGB 15"°dONLNd
.À∫◊¿)~
1°dONLNd
0ÀÙ◊˙):
0°dONLNd
2À
8◊
>)D
1°dONLNd
4À
w◊
ü)?57.2834°dONLNd
<◊<„l(ˇZB&W 21"°dONLNd
D◊∫„¿)~
1°dONLNd
F◊Ù„˙):
1°dONLNd
H◊
8„
>)D
0°dONLNd
J◊
w„
â)?100°dONLNd
NÂ<Òi(

ZRGB 16"°dONLNd
U‚iÓo(

á
*°dONLNd
WÂ∫Ò¿+Q
1°dONLNd
YÂÙÒ˙):
1°dONLNd
[Â
8Ò
>)D
1°dONLNd
]Â
wÒ
ü)?57.2834°dONLNd
eÛ<ˇi(
ZRGB 19"°dONLNd
li¸o(
á
*°dONLNd
nÛ∫ˇ¿+Q
1°dONLNd
pÛÙˇ˙):
1°dONLNd
rÛ
8ˇ
>)D
1°dONLNd
tÛ
wˇ
É)?80°dONLNd
w

<

U(
)ZVGA°dONLNd
z˛U

[(
&s
*°dONLNd
|

∫

¿+e
1°dONLNd
~

Ù

˙):
1°dONLNd
Ä


8


>)D
1°dONLNd
Ç


w


ô)?25.175°dONLNd
â
<
t(
7Z    Super VGA°dONLNd
í
t
z(
4í
*°dONLNd
î
∫
¿+F
1°dONLNd
ñ
Ù
˙):
1°dONLNd
ò

8

>)D
1°dONLNd
ö

w

ì)?35.16°dONLNd
†
<
)¢(
EZNTSC w/convolution°dONLNd
≤
¢
&®(
B¿
*°dONLNd
¥
∫
)¿+
1°dONLNd
∂
Ù
)˙):
1°dONLNd
∏

8
)
>)D
1°dONLNd
∫

w
)
ü)?12.2727°dONLNd
¬
+<
7R(
SZPAL°dONLNd
≈
(R
4X(
Pp
*°dONLNd
«
+∫
7¿+h
1°dONLNd
…
+Ù
7˙):
1°dONLNd
À
+
8
7
>)D
1°dONLNd
Õ
+
w
7
ì)?14.75°dONLNd
”
9<
Eô(
aZPAL w/convolution°dONLNd
‰
6ô
Bü(
^∑
*°dONLNd
Ê
9∫
E¿+!
1°dONLNd
Ë
9Ù
E˙):
1°dONLNd
Í
9
8
E
>)D
1°dONLNd
Ï
9
w
E
ì)?14.75°dONLNd
Ú
G<
Së(
oZMultiple Scan 13"°dONLNd
Dë
Pó(
lØ
*°dONLNd
G∫
S¿+)
0°dONLNd
GÙ
S˙):
1°dONLNd    
G
8
S
>)D
1°dONLNd
G
w
S
ú)?variable"
dW
°dONLNd
U<
aë(
}ZMultiple Scan 17"°dONLNd%
Rë
^ó(
zØ
*°dONLNd'
U∫
a¿+)
0°dONLNd)
UÙ
a˙):
1°dONLNd+
U
8
a
>)D
1°dONLNd-
U
w
a
ú)?variable"
rW
°dONLNd6
c<
oë(
ãZMultiple Scan 21"°dONLNdG
`ë
ló(
àØ
*°dONLNdI
c∫
o¿+)
0°dONLNdK
cÙ
o˙):
1°dONLNdM
c
8
o
>)D
1°dONLNdO
c
w
o
ú)?variable"
ÄW
,
Courier°dONLNdX
Ü<
íC(
ØZ
*°dONLNdY
äC
ñ
<+4 These monitors require extended sense line support.
°dONLNdé
¢
Æ3(
 6Note°dONLNdí
¢3
Æ6)
:°dONLNdî
¢<
Ær)    The binary 
°dONLNdü
¢r
Æ
Ï)6Rvalues in this table indicate the relative state of the sense pin measured against°dONLNdÚ
Æ<
∫
(
÷Z+monitor ground, pin 11, from Table 2 above.
°dONLNd
“N
fi
¶+$:Table 4  Extended Sense Line Descriptions for Each Monitor°dONLNdY
ÍN
ˆÄ*SIGNAL°dONLNd`
Í∫
ˆ˜)l
1-0(2 low)°dONLNdk
Í

ˆ
H)Q
2-0(1 low)°dONLNdv
Í
\
ˆ
ô)Q
2-1(0 low) j°dONLNdÅ
˜Nd(lPAL°dONLNdÖ
˜–‹)Ç00°dONLNdà
˜
&
2)V00°dONLNdã
˜
n
z)H00°dONLNdéN¢(+lNTSC (Alternate)°dONLNdü–‹)Ç01°dONLNd¢
&
2)V01°dONLNd•
n
z)H00°dONLNd®N¢(7l
VGA/Super VGA°dONLNd∂–‹)Ç01°dONLNdπ
&
2)V01°dONLNdº
n
z)H11°dONLNdøN'{(ClRGB 16"°dONLNd«–'‹)Ç10°dONLNd 
&'
2)V11°dONLNdÕ
n'
z)H01°dONLNd–'N3ô(OlPAL (Alternate)°dONLNd‡'–3‹)Ç11°dONLNd„'
&3
2)V00°dONLNdÊ'
n3
z)H00°dONLNdÈ3N?{([lRGB 19"°dONLNdÒ3–?‹)Ç11°dONLNdÙ3
&?
2)V10°dONLNd˜3
n?
z)H10°dONLNd˙?NK£(glMultiple Scan 13"°dONLNd?–K‹)Ç00°dONLNd?
&K
2)V00°dONLNd?
nK
z)H11"^i°dONLNdKNW£(slMultiple Scan 17"°dONLNd'K–W‹)Ç00°dONLNd*K
&W
2)V10°dONLNd-K
nW
z)H11"ji°dONLNd0WNc£(lMultiple Scan 21"°dONLNdBW–c‹)Ç10°dONLNdEW
&c
2)V00°dONLNdHW
nc
z)H11"vi
°dONLNdK{á7(£6Note:
°dONLNdQ{<áZ)$1-0(2 °dONLNdW{Zá
Ï)Qlow) indicates that the software is driving monitor sense line 2 and reading back
°dONLNd©á<ì
‚(ØZRmonitor sense lines 1 and 0. For example, if you have a PowerBook 160, 165c, 180, °dONLNd˚á
‚ì
Ï(Øor
°dONLNd˛ì<ü
«(ªZM180c, you can make the CPU recognize that there is an Apple 16" RGB external °dONLNdKì
«ü
Ï(ª
Âmonitor  4 

(‡6
6) of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇ∂◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//

°dONLNd`+
E(G~1attached by noticing that the sense line code in °dONLNd1
E+)Â'Table 4 for such a monitor is 10 11 01.
°dONLNdY+`7
0(S~*From Figure 3, this sense code equates to °dONLNdÉ+
07)–-sense line 2 being connected to sense line 0.°dONLNd±7`C
8(_~.Using Table 2, this means that by tying pin 4 
°dONLNdfl7
8C)ÿ,to pin 10, the PowerBook will think that the°dONLNd
C`O
z(k~=larger monitor is attached. It’s important to recognize that °dONLNd
IC
zO(k
òpins 4 and 10 in this example°dONLNd
gO`[
—(w~Kmust not be tied to ground, otherwise, a 12" RGB monitor would be detected.

°dONLNd
≥s<Ç
v(ûZ*What Video Hardware Supports What Monitors
°dONLNd
fiùj©
‚+.'=Table 5  Monitor Versus Video Hardware Versus Supported Depth°dONLNdµ<¡S(›Z4•8:°dONLNd!Õ`Ÿç+$Monitor°dONLNd)Õ
Ÿ
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth ¯|¯/°dONLNd8⁄`Ê(
~NTSC°dONLNd=⁄
Ê
#)Ω
8°dONLNd?Ê`ÚΔ(
~NTSC w/convolution°dONLNdRÊ
Ú
#)Ω
8°dONLNdTÚ`˛ç(
~RGB 13"°dONLNd\Ú
˛
#)Ω
8°dONLNd^˛`

ê(
&~B&W 15"°dONLNdf˛



#)Ω
4°dONLNdh

`
ê(
2~B&W 21"°dONLNdp




#)Ω
4°dONLNdr
`
"ê(
>~B&W 12"°dONLNdz


"
#)Ω
8°dONLNd|
"`
.Ç(
J~PAL**°dONLNdÇ
"

.
#)Ω
8°dONLNdÑ
.`
:…(
V~PAL w/convolution**°dONLNdò
.

:
#)Ω
8°dONLNdö
<`
Hç(
d~RGB 16"°dONLNd°
9ç
Eô(
a´**°dONLNd§
<

H
#+ê
4°dONLNd¶
H`
Tô(
p~    RGB 21"**°dONLNd∞
H

T
#)Ω
4°dONLNd≤
S`
_
Ë(
{~Q** These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new  ROM (see your°dONLNd
a`
mì*
     dealer).
°dONLNd
|<
àZ(
§Z8•24:°dONLNd
î`
†ç+$Monitor°dONLNd 
î

†
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth 
ø|
ø/°dONLNd/
°`
≠ó(
…~NTSC****°dONLNd8
°

≠
Æ)Ω1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv°dONLNdV
≠`
πç(
’~RGB 13"°dONLNd^
≠

π
D)ΩMillions°dONLNdg
π`
Ő(
·~B&W 15"°dONLNdo
π

≈
#)Ω
8°dONLNdq
≈`
—ê(
Ì~B&W 21"°dONLNdy
≈

—
#)Ω
8°dONLNd{
—`
ݐ(
˘~B&W 12"°dONLNdÉ
—

›
D)ΩMillions°dONLNdå
›`
Èé(~PAL****°dONLNdî
›

È
Æ)Ω1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv°dONLNd≤
Î`
˜ç(~RGB 16"°dONLNdπ
Ëç
Ùô(´**°dONLNdº
Î

˜
#+ê
8°dONLNdæ
˜`ô(~    RGB 21"**°dONLNd»
˜

#)Ω
8°dONLNd `
Ù(*~U      **These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new ROM (see your°dONLNd `¢*          dealer).°dONLNd3`*
‹*P**** In the Monitors control panel, the display circuitry implements convolution°dONLNdÑ,`8
Ï*X         automatically for bit depths 1–8, and nonconvolution for the millions bit depth  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
ˇ
7) of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇ
f◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/

°dONLNd+I*8•24GC:°dONLNd7<Ci+$Monitor°dONLNd7˘C
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth bXb°dONLNdD<Ps(lZNTSC****°dONLNd(D˘P
ä)Ω1-8 w/conv; millions w/o conv°dONLNdFP<\i(xZRGB 13"°dONLNdNP˘\
 )ΩMillions°dONLNdW\<hl(ÑZB&W 15"°dONLNd_\˘hˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdah<tl(êZB&W 21"°dONLNdih˘tˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdkt<Äl(úZB&W 12"°dONLNdst˘Ä
 )ΩMillions°dONLNd|Ä<åj(®ZPAL****°dONLNdÑĢå
ã)Ω1-8 w/conv; Millions w/o conv°dONLNd¢é<öi(∂ZRGB 16"°dONLNd©ãióu(≥á**°dONLNd¨é˘öˇ+ê
8°dONLNdÆö<¶u(¬Z    RGB 21"**°dONLNd∏ö˘¶ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd∫•<±
Õ(ÕZT    ** These monitors are supported on this card if the card has a new ROM (see your°dONLNd
≥<ø{*         dealer).°dONLNd
"¡<Õ
∏*P**** In the Monitors control panel, the display circuitry implements convolution°dONLNd
sœ<€
»*X         automatically for bit depths 1–8, and nonconvolution for the millions bit depth
°dONLNd
Ã͈<(
624AC:"
    3"
3°dONLNd
“
<
i+$Monitor°dONLNd
⁄
˘

P)ΩMax. Bit Depth"
-W# 
-X
-"
!W°dONLNd
È
<
U(
7ZVGA°dONLNd
Ì
˘

 )ΩMillions"
.W°dONLNd
ˆ
<
'ß(
CZSuper VGA 800 x 600°dONLNd

˘
'
 )ΩMillions"
:W°dONLNd
'<
3≠(
OZSuper VGA 1024 x 768°dONLNd(
'˘
3
-)Ω    Thousands"
FW°dONLNd2
3<
?i(
[ZRGB 13"°dONLNd:
3˘
?
 )ΩMillions"
RW°dONLNdC
?<
Kl(
gZB&W 15"°dONLNdK
?˘
Kˇ)Ω
8"
^W°dONLNdM
K<
Wl(
sZB&W 21"°dONLNdU
K˘
Wˇ)Ω
8"
jW°dONLNdW
W<
cl(
ZB&W 12"°dONLNd_
W˘
c
 )ΩMillions"
vW°dONLNdh
c<
oi(
ãZRGB 16"°dONLNdp
c˘
o
 )ΩMillions"
ÇW°dONLNdy
o<
{i(
óZRGB 21"°dONLNdÅ
o˘
{
 )ΩMillions"
éW°dONLNdä
{<
á“(
£ZApple Multiple Scan 20 Display°dONLNd©
{˘
á
 )ΩMillions"
öW
°dONLNd≤
°
≠ä(
…6Macintosh LC/LC II°dONLNd≈
π<
≈i+$Monitor°dONLNdÕ
π˘
≈
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth 
‰X
‰°dONLNd‹
Δ<
“U(
ÓZVGA°dONLNd‡
Δ˘
“ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd‚
“<
fii(
˙ZRGB 13"°dONLNdÍ
“˘
fiˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdÏ
fi<
Íi(ZRGB 12"°dONLNdÙ
fi˘
Í
-)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd˛
Í<
ˆl(ZB&W 12"°dONLNd
͢
ˆˇ)Ω
8
°dONLNdá(*6Macintosh IIvx/IIvi°dONLNd<&i+$Monitor°dONLNd$˘&
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth EXE°dONLNd3'<3U(OZVGA°dONLNd7'˘3ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd93<?i([ZRGB 13"°dONLNdA3˘?ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdC?<K{(gZ
RGB 12"***°dONLNdN?˘K
-)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdXK<Wl(sZB&W 12"°dONLNd`K˘Wˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdbW<c
«(ZR*** For the 12" RGB monitor, the built-in video does not support 1 bit/pixel mode.
°dONLNdµo{Ç(ó6Macintosh IIci/IIsi°dONLNd…á<ìi+$Monitor°dONLNd—á˘ì
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth ≤X≤°dONLNd‡î<†i(ºZRGB 13"°dONLNdËˇ)Ω
8  4 

(‡6
8) of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇ^◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//
°dONLNd`+ç(G~RGB 12"°dONLNd
+
#)Ω
8°dONLNd
+`7ê(S~B&W 15"°dONLNd+
7
#)Ω
4°dONLNd7`Cê(_~B&W 12"°dONLNd7
C
#)Ω
8°dONLNdC`Oç(k~RGB 15"°dONLNd&C
O
#)Ω
4
°dONLNd([<gû(ÉZMacintosh LC III°dONLNd9g<s
%*&Power Macintosh 6100/60 Built-in Video"ÜW°dONLNd`s<
%*&Power Macintosh 7100/66 Built-in Video"íW°dONLNdá<ã
%*&Power Macintosh 8100/80 Built-in Video"ûW°dONLNdÆó`£ç+$Monitor°dONLNd∂ó
£
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth ¬|¬/°dONLNd≈§`∞y(Ã~VGA°dONLNd…§
∞
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd”∞`ºç(ÿ~RGB 13"°dONLNd€∞
º
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdº`»ç(‰~RGB 12"°dONLNd̺
»
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd˜»`‘Æ(~B&W 12"*****°dONLNd
»
‘
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd
‘`‡ê(¸~B&W 15"°dONLNd
‘
‡
#)Ω
8°dONLNd
‡`Ïç(
~RGB 16"°dONLNd
 ‡
Ï
#)Ω
8°dONLNd
"Ï`¯
–(
~M***** Thousands mode is available because the built-in video circuitry cannot°dONLNd
q¯`

Ó*T           distinguish between the 12" black-and-white and the 13" RGB monitors. The°dONLNd
«
`

Ô*W           12" black-and white display is capable of 256 gray levels; however, when the°dONLNd 
`

Ó*Y           Thousands mode is selected, there are only 32 gray levels available due to the°dONLNdz
`
(
[*8           way 16 bits-per-pixel support is implemented.
°dONLNd≥
4<
@È(
\ZMacintosh LC 475/Quadra 605"
SW"
_W°dONLNdœ
L`
Xç+$Monitor°dONLNd◊
L

X
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth"
w{# 
w|
w/"
k{°dONLNdÊ
Y`
e(
Å~NTSC°dONLNdÎ
Y

e
Q)Ω    Thousands"
x{°dONLNdı
e`
q±(
ç~VGA/SuperVGA°dONLNd
e

q
Q)Ω    Thousands"
Ñ{°dONLNd
q`
}ê(
ô~B&W 12"°dONLNd
q

}
#)Ω
8"
ê{°dONLNd
}`
âç(
•~RGB 12"°dONLNd
}

â
Q)Ω    Thousands"
ú{°dONLNd(
â`
ïç(
±~RGB 13"°dONLNd0
â

ï
Q)Ω    Thousands"
®{°dONLNd:
ï`
°ê(
Ω~B&W 15"°dONLNdB
ï

°
#)Ω
8"
¥{°dONLNdD
°`
≠ç(
…~RGB 16"°dONLNdL
°

≠
Q)Ω    Thousands"
¿{°dONLNdV
≠`
πç(
’~RGB 19"°dONLNd^
≠

π
#)Ω
8"
Ã{°dONLNd`
π`
Ő(
·~B&W 21"°dONLNdh
π

≈
#)Ω
8"
ÿ{°dONLNdj
≈`
—ç(
Ì~RGB 21"°dONLNdr
≈

—
#)Ω
8"
‰{
°dONLNdt
›<
È
a(Z,PowerBook 160/165c/180/180c/MiniDock/DuoDock°dONLNd°
ı`
ç+$Monitor°dONLNd©
ı


t)ΩMax. Bit Depth  | /°dONLNd∏`¥(*~
VGA/Super VGA°dONLNdΔ

#)Ω
8°dONLNd»`ç(6~RGB 13"°dONLNd–

#)Ω
8°dONLNd“`&ç(B~RGB 12"°dONLNd⁄
&
#)Ω
8°dONLNd‹&`2ê(N~B&W 12"°dONLNd‰&
2
#)Ω
8°dONLNdÊ2`>ê(Z~B&W 15"°dONLNdÓ2
>
#)Ω
4°dONLNd>`Jç(f~RGB 16"°dONLNd¯>
J
#)Ω
8
°dONLNd˙V<b‘(~ZMacintosh Quadra 700/900°dONLNdn`zç+$Monitor°dONLNdn
z
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth ô|ô/°dONLNd*{`á(£~NTSC°dONLNd/{
á
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd8á`ìΔ(Ø~NTSC w/convolution°dONLNdKá
ì
#)Ω
8°dONLNdMì`üy(ª~VGA°dONLNdQì
ü
D)ΩMillions  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
ˇ
9) of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇÄ◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/
°dONLNd<+t+$    Super VGA°dONLNd
˘+
 )ΩMillions°dONLNd+<7R(SZPAL°dONLNd+˘7
 )ΩMillions°dONLNd 7<Cô(_ZPAL w/convolution°dONLNd27˘Cˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd4C<Oi(kZRGB 13"°dONLNd<C˘O
 )ΩMillions°dONLNdEO<[i(wZRGB 12"°dONLNdMO˘[
 )ΩMillions°dONLNdV[<gl(ÉZB&W 15"°dONLNd^[˘gˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd`g<si(èZRGB 16"°dONLNdhg˘s
 )ΩMillions°dONLNdqs<i(õZRGB 21"°dONLNdys˘ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd{<ãl(ßZB&W 21"°dONLNdɢãˇ)Ω
8°dONLNdÖã<ól(≥ZB&W 12"°dONLNdçã˘ó
 )ΩMillions  4 

(‡610)
 of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇ˙◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//

°dONLNd<+Õ(GZMacintosh Quadra 660AV">W"JW°dONLNd7`Cç+$Monitor°dONLNd7
C
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth"b{# b|b/"V{°dONLNd.D`P(l~NTSC°dONLNd3D
P
Q)Ω    Thousands"c{°dONLNd=P`\…(x~NTSC w/Convolution°dONLNdPP
\
#)Ω
8"o{°dONLNdR\`h±(Ñ~VGA/SuperVGA°dONLNd_\
h
Q)Ω    Thousands"{{°dONLNdjh`tv(ê~PAL°dONLNdnh
t
Q)Ω    Thousands"á{°dONLNdxt`Ä¿(ú~PAL w/Convolution°dONLNdät
Ä
#)Ω
8"ì{°dONLNdåÄ`åç(®~RGB 12"°dONLNdîÄ
å
Q)Ω    Thousands"ü{°dONLNdûå`òç(¥~RGB 13"°dONLNd¶å
ò
Q)Ω    Thousands"´{°dONLNd∞ò`§ê(¿~B&W 15"°dONLNd∏ò
§
#)Ω
8"∑{°dONLNd∫§`∞ç(Ã~RGB 16"°dONLNd¬§
∞
Q)Ω    Thousands"√{°dONLNdÃ∞`ºç(ÿ~RGB 21"°dONLNd‘∞
º
#)Ω
8"œ{°dONLNd÷º`»ê(‰~B&W 21"°dONLNdfiº
»
#)Ω
8"€{°dONLNd‡»`‘ê(~B&W 12"°dONLNdË»
‘
Q)Ω    Thousands"Á{°dONLNdÚ‘`‡ç(¸~RGB 19"°dONLNd˙‘
‡
#)Ω
8"Û{"ˇ{
°dONLNd¸Ï<¯W(
ZNote°dONLNd
ÏW¯Z)
:°dONLNd
Ï`¯t)    For 
°dONLNd
Ït¯)Othe Quadra 660AV, the maximum bit depth settings assume all VRAM set for use by"
W°dONLNd
V¯`
ê(
 ~
video out."
W"
#{
°dONLNd
a
<
(ª(
DZMacintosh Quadra 950°dONLNd
v
(<
4Õ*Macintosh Quadra 840AV"
GW°dONLNd
ç
@`
Lç+$Monitor°dONLNd
ï
@

L
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth 
k|
k/°dONLNd
§
M`
Y(
u~NTSC°dONLNd
©
M

Y
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd
≤
Y`
e…(
Å~NTSC w/Convolution°dONLNd
≈
Y

e
#)Ω
8°dONLNd
«
e`
qy(
ç~VGA°dONLNd
À
e

q
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd
‘
q`
}ò(
ô~    Super VGA°dONLNd
fi
q

}
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd
Á
}`
âv(
•~PAL°dONLNd
Î
}

â
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd
Ù
â`
ï¿(
±~PAL w/Convolution°dONLNd
â

ï
#)Ω
8°dONLNd
ï`
°ç(
Ω~RGB 12"°dONLNd
ï

°
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd
°`
≠ç(
…~RGB 13"°dONLNd!
°

≠
D)ΩMillions°dONLNd*
≠`
πê(
’~B&W 15"°dONLNd2
≠

π
#)Ω
8°dONLNd4
π`
ō(
·~RGB 16"°dONLNd<
π

≈
D)ΩMillions°dONLNdE
≈`
—ç(
Ì~RGB 21"°dONLNdM
≈

—
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdW
—`
ݐ(
˘~B&W 21"°dONLNd_
—

›
#)Ω
8°dONLNda
›`
Èê(~B&W 12"°dONLNdi
›

È
D)ΩMillions°dONLNdr
È`
ıç(~RGB 19"°dONLNdz
È

ı
Q)Ω    Thousands"W
°dONLNdÑ
<
W()ZNote°dONLNdà
W
Z)
:°dONLNdä
`
t)    For 
°dONLNdé
t
)Othe Quadra 840AV, the maximum bit depth settings assume all VRAM set for use by" W°dONLNdfi
`ê(5~
video out.",W
°dONLNdÈ%<1’(MZMacintosh Centris 610/650°dONLNd1<=Ì*Macintosh Quadra 610/650/800"PW°dONLNd I`Uç+$Monitor°dONLNd(I
U
t)ΩMax. Bit Depth t|t/°dONLNd7V`b(~~NTSC°dONLNd<V
b
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdFb`n±(ä~VGA/SuperVGA°dONLNdSb
n
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd]n`zv(ñ~PAL°dONLNdan
z
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdkz`Üç(¢~RGB 13"°dONLNdsz
Ü
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd}Ü`íç(Æ~RGB 12"°dONLNdÖÜ
í
Q)Ω    Thousands°dONLNdèí`ûê(∫~B&W 15"°dONLNdóí
û
#)Ω
8  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
˙11)
 of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇ◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+6-Macintosh Technical Notes /4/
°dONLNd<+i+$RGB 16"°dONLNd˘+
-)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd+<7i(SZRGB 21"°dONLNd+˘7ˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd7<Cl(_ZB&W 21"°dONLNd$7˘Cˇ)Ω
8°dONLNd&C<Ol(kZB&W 12"°dONLNd.C˘O
-)Ω    Thousands°dONLNd8O<[i(wZRGB 19"°dONLNd@O˘[ˇ)Ω
8
°dONLNdBs
"(õ6(Power Macintosh 7100 VRAM Expansion Card"í3"û3°dONLNdkã<ói+$Monitor°dONLNdsã˘ó
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth"∂W# ∂X∂"™W°dONLNdÇò<§[(¿ZNTSC°dONLNdáò˘§
 )ΩMillions"∑W°dONLNdê§<∞ê(ÃZ
VGA/Super VGA°dONLNdû§˘∞
 )ΩMillions"√W°dONLNdß∞<ºR(ÿZPAL°dONLNd´∞˘º
 )ΩMillions"œW°dONLNd¥º<»i(‰ZRGB 12"°dONLNdºº˘»
 )ΩMillions"€W°dONLNd≈»<‘i(ZRGB 13"°dONLNdÕ»˘‘
 )ΩMillions"ÁW°dONLNd÷‘<‡l(¸ZB&W 15"°dONLNdfi‘˘‡ˇ)Ω
8"ÛW°dONLNd‡‡<Ïi(
ZRGB 16"°dONLNdˇ˘Ï
 )ΩMillions"ˇW°dONLNdÒÏ<¯i(
ZRGB 21"°dONLNd˘Ï˘¯
-)Ω    Thousands"
W°dONLNd
¯<
l(
 ZB&W 21"°dONLNd
¯˘
ˇ)Ω
8"
W°dONLNd


<
l(
,ZB&W 12"°dONLNd

˘
ˇ)Ω
8"
#W°dONLNd

<
i(
8ZRGB 19"°dONLNd

˘

-)Ω    Thousands"
/W°dONLNd
)
<
(“(
DZApple Multiple Scan 20 Display°dONLNd
H
˘
(
-)Ω    Thousands"
;W"
S3
°dONLNd
R
@
L
"(
h6(Power Macintosh 8100 VRAM Expansion Card"
_3"
k3°dONLNd
{
X<
di+$Monitor°dONLNd
É
X˘
d
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth"
ÉW# 
ÉX
É"
wW°dONLNd
í
e<
q[(
çZNTSC°dONLNd
ó
e˘
q
 )ΩMillions"
ÑW°dONLNd
†
q<
}ê(
ôZ
VGA/Super VGA°dONLNd
Æ
q˘
}
 )ΩMillions"
êW°dONLNd
∑
}<
âR(
•ZPAL°dONLNd
ª
}˘
â
 )ΩMillions"
úW°dONLNd
ƒ
â<
ïi(
±ZRGB 12"°dONLNd
Ã
â˘
ï
 )ΩMillions"
®W°dONLNd
’
ï<
°i(
ΩZRGB 13"°dONLNd
›
ï˘
°
 )ΩMillions"
¥W°dONLNd
Ê
°<
≠l(
…ZB&W 15"°dONLNd
Ó
°˘
≠ˇ)Ω
8"
¿W°dONLNd

≠<
πi(
’ZRGB 16"°dONLNd
¯
≠˘
π
 )ΩMillions"
ÃW°dONLNd

π<
≈i(
·ZRGB 21"°dONLNd    
π˘
≈
 )ΩMillions"
ÿW°dONLNd
≈<
—l(
ÌZB&W 21"°dONLNd
≈˘
—ˇ)Ω
8"
‰W°dONLNd
—<
›l(
˘ZB&W 12"°dONLNd$
—˘
›ˇ)Ω
8"
W°dONLNd&
›<
Èi(ZRGB 19"°dONLNd.
›˘
È
 )ΩMillions"
¸W°dONLNd7
È<
ı“(ZApple Multiple Scan 20 Display°dONLNdV
È˘
ı
 )ΩMillions"W
°dONLNd_

Ø()6Power Macintosh AV Card" 3",3°dONLNdw<%i+$Monitor°dONLNd˘%
P)ΩMax. Bit Depth"DW# DXD"8W°dONLNdé&<2[(NZNTSC°dONLNdì&˘2
 )ΩMillions"EW°dONLNdú2<>•(ZZNTSC w/Convolution°dONLNdØ2˘>ˇ)Ω
8"QW°dONLNd±><JU(fZVGA°dONLNdµ>˘J
 )ΩMillions"]W°dONLNdæJ<Vß(rZSuper VGA 800 x 600°dONLNd“J˘V
 )ΩMillions"iW°dONLNd€V<b≠(~ZSuper VGA 1024 x 768°dONLNdV˘b
-)Ω    Thousands"uW°dONLNd˙b<nR(äZPAL°dONLNd˛b˘n
 )ΩMillions"ÅW°dONLNdn<zú(ñZPAL w/Convolution°dONLNdn˘zˇ)Ω
8"çW°dONLNdz<Üi(¢ZRGB 12"°dONLNd#z˘Ü
 )ΩMillions"ôW°dONLNd,Ü<íi(ÆZRGB 13"°dONLNd4ܢí
 )ΩMillions"•W°dONLNd=í<ûl(∫ZB&W 15"°dONLNdEí˘ûˇ)Ω
8"±W  4 

(‡612)
 of 13(‡
¢HW 30 - Sense Lines+
M.HW.SenseLinesˇR◊#ˇˇˇˇˇ#◊

d,Times

.+Z-Developer Support Center,Palatino)h   (-
ÛMay 1994 /X//
°dONLNd`+ç(G~RGB 15"°dONLNd
+
Q)Ω    Thousands">{°dONLNd+`7ç(S~RGB 16"°dONLNd+
7
D)ΩMillions"J{°dONLNd#7`Cç(_~RGB 21"°dONLNd+7
C
Q)Ω    Thousands"V{°dONLNd5C`Oê(k~B&W 21"°dONLNd=C
O
#)Ω
8"b{°dONLNd?O`[ê(w~B&W 12"°dONLNdGO
[
#)Ω
8"n{°dONLNdI[`gç(É~RGB 19"°dONLNdQ[
g
Q)Ω    Thousands"z{°dONLNd[g`sˆ(è~Apple Multiple Scan 20 Display°dONLNdzg
s
D)ΩMillions"Ü{
°dONLNdÉ<ã¶(ßZFurther Reference: ™X™/°dONLNdñåNòR+

•°dONLNdòå`ò
$)&Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware°dONLNdæå
$ò
ü)ƒ, second edition, Displays°dONLNdŸòN§R(¿l
•°dONLNd€ò`§Ö)develop°dONLNd‚òÖ§
Æ)%: Issue 3, “Macintosh Display Card 8•24GC: The Naked Truth”°dONLNd
§N∞R(Ãl
•°dONLNd
§`∞˚)Developer Notes (for each CPU)°dONLNd
>∞NºR(ÿl
•°dONLNd
@∞`ºÃ)M.HW.ColorMonitors  X /

(‡ZHW 30 - Sense Lines(‡
˙13)
 of 13(ˆZM.HW.SenseLinesˇ